"Switch" is a foreign word derived from the English "Switch", and its original meaning is "switch". When the Chinese technology community introduced this term, it was translated as "switch". In English, the verb "exchange" and the noun "switch" are the same word (note that "exchange" here specifically refers to signal exchange in telecommunications technology, and is not the same concept as the exchange of goods).
In 1993, LAN switching equipment appeared, and in 1994, China set off a boom in switching network technology. In fact, switching technology is a switching product with the characteristics of simplicity, low price, high performance and high port density, which embodies the complex switching technology of bridging technology operating at the second layer of the OSI reference model. Like bridges, switches make relatively simple decisions about forwarding information based on the MAC address in each packet. This forwarding decision generally does not consider other deeper information hidden in the packet. Unlike bridges, switches have very little forwarding delay and operate close to the performance of a single LAN, far exceeding the forwarding performance between ordinary bridged Internet networks.
Switching technology allows shared and dedicated LAN segments to adjust bandwidth to alleviate bottlenecks in information flow between LANs. There are switching products for Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, FDDI and ATM technologies.
Similar to traditional bridges, switches provide many network interconnection functions. Switches can economically divide the network into small conflicting domains, providing higher bandwidth to each workstation. The transparency of the protocol allows the switch to be directly installed in a multi-protocol network with simple software configuration; the switch uses existing cables, repeaters, hubs and workstation network cards without the need for high-level hardware upgrades; the switch is transparent to the workstation , which has low management overhead and simplifies the operation of adding, moving and network nodes.
The use of specially designed integrated circuits allows the switch to forward information in parallel on all ports at line rate, providing much higher operating performance than traditional bridges. Application-specific integrated circuit technology allows switches to achieve the above performance with more ports, and the port cost is lower than that of traditional bridges.
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